Research on the Trade Structure Between China and the United States under the Background of Globalization

Abstract

This article explores the changing trends and influencing factors of the trade structure between China and the United States in the context of globalization. With the advancement of economic globalization, the trade relationship between China and the United States has rapidly developed, but it also faces challenges such as imbalance and trade frictions. This article uses the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA) and Trade Complementarity Index (TCI) to analyze the trade data between China, the United States, and the world from 2009 to 2023, quantifying the comparative advantages and complementarity of the two countries in different commodities. Research has found that China has significant comparative advantages in labor-intensive and technology-intensive products. In contrast, the United States is very competitive in primary products and some capital-intensive products. There is significant trade complementarity between the two countries in multiple commodity categories. Finally, in the context of globalization, countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing and enhancing Sino-US trade were proposed from the perspectives of deepening global value chain cooperation, optimizing trade structure, and expanding diversified markets.