The Theoretical Basis and Optimization Strategy of Global Value Chain Layout of Multinational Corporations Under the Background of Economic Globalization

Abstract

Under the background of economic globalization, this paper explores the theoretical basis and optimization strategy of global value chain layout of multinational companies. With the continuous development of economic globalization, multinational companies in the global value chain layout more complex and become key elements affect their competitiveness. This paper firstly summarizes the theory of global value chain, transaction cost theory and comparative advantage theory, and then expounds the driving force and influencing factors of multinational companies' global value chain layout. Then, this paper analyzes the major challenges faced by multinational companies in global value chain layout, such as geopolitical risks, the rise of trade protectionism, and the acceleration of technological change. On top of this, this paper presents the layout of the global value chain optimization strategy of transnational corporations, like build flexible supply chain network, strengthen localization operation ability, promote the digital transformation, strengthening risk management, etc., and finally by case analysis to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The results show that multinational companies should take a global perspective, combine their own advantages with the changes of the external environment, and dynamically optimize the global value chain layout to enhance the overall competitiveness and the ability to cope with uncertainty. This research make the global strategy of multinational companies and the government make relevant policy has important theoretical value and practical significance.